Almost every woman experiences a vaginal bacterial or fungal infection at least once in her lifetime. These infections are nearly always associated with a disruption of the vaginal microbiota. Can they be prevented?

In healthy women, the vaginal flora—like the gut microbiota—contains many beneficial bacteria, primarily Lactobacilli. These lactic acid–producing bacteria maintain an acidic environment that inhibits harmful bacteria and fungi. When Lactobacilli levels decrease, the vaginal environment becomes more alkaline, allowing infections to develop.

What Can Damage Vaginal Flora?

Antibiotics are the most common cause, as they eliminate both harmful and beneficial bacteria. This is why preventive measures are strongly recommended during antibiotic therapy.

Sexually transmitted infections may also disrupt vaginal flora. Symptoms such as burning, itching, or abnormal discharge often indicate imbalance. In such cases, harmful bacteria suppress beneficial Lactobacilli, making supplementation advisable.

How Can Lactobacilli Be Replenished?

In the past, yogurt was sometimes used as a local remedy, but this method lacks medical evidence. Today, high-quality, safe, and clinically tested vaginal probiotics are available.

Modern science has also shown that oral probiotic capsules can support vaginal health. Certain Lactobacilli strains can reach the vagina via the digestive tract and colonize it effectively. It is crucial to choose products containing strains naturally present in healthy vaginal flora.